Cyber fraud? Call 1930 · cybercrime.gov.in (opens in a new tab)

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Download this guide with its diagrams as a PDF.

What it is

Phishing is when an attacker pretends to be a trusted organisation - a bank, a courier, a government office or a company you know - to make you click a link, open a file or enter your details. The link often leads to a fake website that looks almost identical to the real one. Anything you type there goes straight to the attacker.

How it works - and where you can stop itRed boxes show what the attacker does. Green boxes show where you can break the chain.
  1. A fake email or SMS arrives
    Stop here: Check the sender. Urgent threats are a warning sign.
  2. You click the link
    Stop here: Do not click. Open the official app or type the address yourself.
  3. A look-alike website opens
    Stop here: Read the web address letter by letter. A padlock alone is not proof.
  4. You type your login or card details
    Stop here: Never enter details on a page you reached from a message.
  5. The attacker takes your account or money

Common warning signs

  • Urgent or threatening language: 'Your account will be blocked today', 'Last warning'.
  • The sender address or website address is slightly different from the real one (extra letters, odd domain endings).
  • A link or attachment you were not expecting, especially from an unknown number or address.
  • Requests for passwords, OTP, card details or KYC updates through a link.
  • Poor spelling, strange formatting, or a login page reached from a message instead of by typing the official address.

Practical prevention tips

  • Do not click links in unexpected messages. Open the official app or type the official website address yourself.
  • Check the full web address before entering any login. Look for small spelling changes.
  • Turn on two-factor authentication on important accounts.
  • Keep your phone, browser and security software updated.
  • When in doubt, contact the organisation using the number printed on its official website or your card, not the number in the message.
Risky habit vs safe habit
  • Click the link in an 'account blocked' SMS
    Open your bank's official app directly
  • Trust a site only because it shows a padlock
    Read the full web address carefully
  • Open attachments you did not expect
    Confirm with the sender on a number you already know
  • Enter your password on a page opened from a message
    Type the address yourself or use your bookmark

What to do if it happens

  1. If you only clicked the link, close the page, do not enter anything, and run a security scan on your device.
  2. If you entered a password, change it immediately on the real website and on any other site where you reused it.
  3. If you shared banking or card details, contact your bank at once and then follow the fraud steps below.
  4. Call the cyber crime helpline 1930 immediately - reporting quickly gives the best chance of stopping the transfer.
  5. Also file a complaint on the National Cyber Crime Reporting Portal (cybercrime.gov.in).
  6. Inform your bank or payment app right away and ask them to block the card, account or UPI ID involved.
  7. Keep screenshots, transaction IDs, phone numbers, UPI IDs and chat history. Do not delete anything.
  8. Change passwords of affected accounts and do not share OTPs or PINs with anyone who calls you afterwards offering to 'recover' your money.

Official reporting resources

Related educational articles

This website is an educational resource. It is not an official government reporting portal or an emergency response service. If you are a victim of cyber fraud, report it through the official channels listed on each page.